Journal: Stem Cells International

Article Title: Injected Human Muscle Precursor Cells Overexpressing PGC-1 α Enhance Functional Muscle Regeneration after Trauma

doi: 10.1155/2018/4658503

Figure Lengend Snippet: PGC-1 α _hMPCs induce expression of genes related to vascularization, mitochondrial, and neuronal activation and enhance the contractility at early and midterm time points after TA crush injury during regeneration. RTPCR analysis confirmed the sustained overexpression of hPGC-1 α and the signalling-deficient hD2R genes at the crush injury site over time. Relative VEGF-A, COXIV, and ACHE gene levels were enhanced in the corresponding samples, compared to control GFP_hMPC at (a) early, (b) midterm, and (c) late time points of regeneration. (d) PGC-1 α overexpression led to increased TA contractile force at early and midterm time points. Native TA muscle (TA nat) was used as control, and the contraction force was set to 100%. Forces of injured muscles were calculated relatively as the percentage of maximum. VEGF-A: vascular endothelial growth factor-a, COXIV: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4, ACHE: acetylcholine esterase. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Predesigned primers for human PPARGC-1 (Hs01016719_m1), D2DR (dopamine 2 receptor, Hs00241436_m1), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor, Hs00900055_m1), MyH1 (myosin heavy chain 1, Hs00428600_m1), MyH2 (myosin heavy chain 2, Hs00430042_m1), Desmin (Hs00157258_m1), α -actinin (Hs00998100_m1), COXIV (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4,Hs00971639_m1), vWf (Mm00550375_m1), TNF- α (tumor necrosis factor alpha, Mm00443258_m1), and ACHE (acetyl choline esterase, Hs00241307_m1) were purchased from Life Technologies.

Techniques: Expressing, Activation Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Over Expression, Control, Muscles

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E 2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs

doi: 10.14814/phy2.70026

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tension of tracheal and lung tissue strips precontracted with cumulative doses of methacholine (Mtch 10 −8 –10 −3 M) after 21‐day ovalbumin challenge (ova challenged). Control n = 6; ova challenged n = 11. Data on the figure are shown as individual replicates with means connected and mean ± SD are shown in the table below. Log EC 50 values for control and ova challenged groups made by non‐linear regression (dose–response stimulation curve) and compared by two‐tailed unpaired Student's t ‐test. Comparisons of each cumulative dose of methacholine between control and ova challenged group made by unpaired Student's t ‐test.

Article Snippet: Stiffness was recorded after 5‐min incubation of ASM cells with cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist methacholine chloride at concentration 10 −4 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), the smooth muscle relaxant prostaglandin PGE at concentration 10 −7 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), exogenous bovine lung surfactant BLES at 2 μL/mL with 0.05 mg of PLs/mL (BLES Biochemical, London, ON, Canada) and sterile water.

Techniques: Control, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E 2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs

doi: 10.14814/phy2.70026

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Curosurf on tension of tracheal and lung tissue strips precontracted with methacholine (Mtch) (10 −6 M) after 21‐day ovalbumin challenge (ova challenged). Control n = 6; ova challenged n = 10. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Baseline value is set to zero on y axis (intermittent line) and represents +2 g resting tension before adding Mtch and represents the level of stable contraction before adding Curosurf. Therefore, an increase of tension is displayed as a positive change and decrease of tension is displayed as a negative change. Comparisons within the groups made by two‐tailed paired Student's t ‐test (tension at baseline compared to tension after surfactant Curosurf). Comparison between control Curosurf and ova challenged Curosurf in trachea was made by Marginal mean (MM) method for independent samples.

Article Snippet: Stiffness was recorded after 5‐min incubation of ASM cells with cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist methacholine chloride at concentration 10 −4 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), the smooth muscle relaxant prostaglandin PGE at concentration 10 −7 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), exogenous bovine lung surfactant BLES at 2 μL/mL with 0.05 mg of PLs/mL (BLES Biochemical, London, ON, Canada) and sterile water.

Techniques: Control, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E 2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs

doi: 10.14814/phy2.70026

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Curosurf in presence of prostanoid synthesis inhibitor—indomethacin on tension of tracheal and lung tissue strips precontracted with methacholine (Mtch) (10 −6 M). Tracheal tissue strips n = 6; lung tissue strips n = 8. (−) without indomethacin; (+) with indomethacin. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Baseline value is set to zero on y axis (intermittent line) and represents +2 g resting tension before adding Mtch and represents the level of stable contraction before adding Curosurf. Therefore, an increase of tension is displayed as a positive change and decrease of tension is displayed as a negative change. Comparisons made by two‐tailed paired Student's t ‐test or two‐tailed Wilcoxon matched‐pair signed rank test.

Article Snippet: Stiffness was recorded after 5‐min incubation of ASM cells with cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist methacholine chloride at concentration 10 −4 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), the smooth muscle relaxant prostaglandin PGE at concentration 10 −7 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), exogenous bovine lung surfactant BLES at 2 μL/mL with 0.05 mg of PLs/mL (BLES Biochemical, London, ON, Canada) and sterile water.

Techniques: Two Tailed Test

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E 2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs

doi: 10.14814/phy2.70026

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Curosurf after EP 2 ‐receptor antagonist PF‐04418948 on tension of tracheal and lung tissue strips precontracted with methacholine (Mtch) (10 −6 M). Tracheal tissue strips n = 7; lung tissue strips n = 9. (−) without PF‐04418948; (+) with PF‐04418948. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Baseline value is set to zero on y axis (intermittent line) and represents +2 g resting tension before adding Mtch and represents the level of stable contraction before adding Curosurf. Therefore, an increase of tension is displayed as a positive change and decrease of tension is displayed as a negative change. Comparisons made by two‐tailed paired Student's t ‐test or two‐tailed Wilcoxon matched‐pair signed rank test.

Article Snippet: Stiffness was recorded after 5‐min incubation of ASM cells with cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist methacholine chloride at concentration 10 −4 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), the smooth muscle relaxant prostaglandin PGE at concentration 10 −7 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), exogenous bovine lung surfactant BLES at 2 μL/mL with 0.05 mg of PLs/mL (BLES Biochemical, London, ON, Canada) and sterile water.

Techniques: Two Tailed Test

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E 2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs

doi: 10.14814/phy2.70026

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Curosurf on methacholine precontraction (Mtch; 10 −6 M) of tracheal and lung tissue strips ( n = 4). Data are shown as mean ± SD. Baseline value is set to zero on y axis (intermittent line) and represents +2 g resting tension before adding Mtch, sterile saline or Curosurf. Therefore, an increase of tension is displayed as a positive change and decrease of tension is displayed as a negative change. Comparison made by two‐tailed paired Student's t ‐test.

Article Snippet: Stiffness was recorded after 5‐min incubation of ASM cells with cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist methacholine chloride at concentration 10 −4 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), the smooth muscle relaxant prostaglandin PGE at concentration 10 −7 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), exogenous bovine lung surfactant BLES at 2 μL/mL with 0.05 mg of PLs/mL (BLES Biochemical, London, ON, Canada) and sterile water.

Techniques: Sterility, Saline, Comparison, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E 2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs

doi: 10.14814/phy2.70026

Figure Lengend Snippet: Airway smooth muscle cell stiffness of nucleus and cytoplasm after methacholine. Stiffness is expressed as Young's Modulus (Pa). Stiffness of each cell ( n = 7 cells) was recorded at minimum of 56 cell points at baseline and after 5‐min incubation with methacholine (10 −4 M). Cell corresponding points measured at baseline and after methacholine were taken from the same cell, but the points are not identical. The all data points are displayed. Comparison made by LMM and the Type III Wald F test.

Article Snippet: Stiffness was recorded after 5‐min incubation of ASM cells with cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist methacholine chloride at concentration 10 −4 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), the smooth muscle relaxant prostaglandin PGE at concentration 10 −7 M (MilliporeSigma Canada Co., Oakville, ON, Canada), exogenous bovine lung surfactant BLES at 2 μL/mL with 0.05 mg of PLs/mL (BLES Biochemical, London, ON, Canada) and sterile water.

Techniques: Incubation, Comparison